Linux Commands Examples

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Most popular commands

busybox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux
netcat - NC(1) BSD General Commands Manual NC(1) nc — arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens
gnome-terminal - is a terminal emulation application.
chown - change file owner and group
telnet - user interface to the TELNET protocol
ping - 6 send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
nmcli - – commandline tool for controlling NetworkManager
usermod - modify a user account
xmllint - command line XML tool
gst-launch-1.0 - build and run a GStreamer pipeline
resize2fs - ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer
a2ensite - enable or disable an apache2 site / virtual host
strace - trace system calls and signals
sftp - secure file transfer program
logrotate - rotates, compresses, and mails system logs
passwd - change user password
fsck - check and repair a Linux filesystem
whois - client for the whois directory service
egrep - , fgrep, rgrep print lines matching a pattern
mysqlimport - a data import program
watch - execute a program periodically, showing output fullscreen
scp - secure copy (remote file copy program)
hdparm - get/set SATA/IDE device parameters
dialog - display dialog boxes from shell scripts
chcon - change file security context
zenity - display GTK+ dialogs
start-stop-daemon - start and stop system daemon programs
cp - copy files and directories
xfreerdp - FreeRDP X11 client
setxkbmap - set the keyboard using the X Keyboard Extension
pidof - - find the process ID of a running program.
mkfs.vfat - create an MS-DOS file system under Linux
diff - compare files line by line
openssl - OpenSSL command line tool
apachectl - Apache HTTP server control interface
ffmpeg - ffmpeg video converter
groupadd - create a new group
fgrep - , rgrep print lines matching a pattern
aircrack-ng - a 802.11 WEP / WPA-PSK key cracker
avconv - avconv video converter
rename - renames multiple files
su - change user ID or become superuser
dhclient - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Client
tune2fs - adjust tunable filesystem parameters on ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystems
fsck.ext4 - check a Linux ext2/ext3/ext4 file system
swapoff - enable/disable devices and files for paging and swapping
arping - send ARP REQUEST to a neighbour host
xargs - build and execute command lines from standard input
chage - change user password expiry information
touch - change file timestamps
wpa_supplicant - Wi-Fi Protected Access client and IEEE 802.1X supplicant
gnome-session - Start the GNOME desktop environment
gedit - text editor for the GNOME Desktop
ghostscript - Ghostscript (PostScript and PDF language interpreter and previewer)
filezilla - FTP client
chroot - run command or interactive shell with special root directory
whiptail - display dialog boxes from shell scripts
grub-mkimage - make a bootable image of GRUB
chfn - change real user name and information
stat - display file or file system status
mysqld_safe - MySQL server startup script
modprobe - Add and remove modules from the Linux Kernel
a2dissite - enable or disable an apache2 site / virtual host
meld - Visual diff and merge tool for the GNOME Desktop
insmod - Simple program to insert a module into the Linux Kernel
partprobe - inform the OS of partition table changes
mysql_install_db - initialize MySQL data directory
nohup - run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
sysctl - configure kernel parameters at runtime
hexdump - , hd ASCII, decimal, hexadecimal, octal dump
mtr - a network diagnostic tool
resize - set environment and terminal settings to current xterm window size
MAKEDEV - create devices
hcitool - configure Bluetooth connections
fusermount - mount and unmount FUSE filesystems
chromium-browser - the web browser from Google
stty - change and print terminal line settings
syslinux - install the SYSLINUX bootloader on a FAT filesystem
libreoffice
cal - displays a calendar and the date of Easter
tty - print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input
chpasswd - update passwords in batch mode
ip - show / manipulate routing, devices, policy routing and tunnels
dnsmasq - A lightweight DHCP and caching DNS server.
nm-tool - utility to report NetworkManager state and devices
dmesg - print or control the kernel ring buffer
clamscan - scan files and directories for viruses
netstat - Print network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships
a2enmod - enable or disable an apache2 module
dd - convert and copy a file
ls - list directory contents
vlc - the VLC media player
crc32 - compute CRC-32 checksums for the given files
NetworkManager - network management daemon
uvcdynctrl - libwebcam command line tool
alias
bridge - show / manipulate bridge addresses and devices
chmod - change file mode bits
setpci - configure PCI devices
ifconfig - configure a network interface
mencoder - movie encoder
a2dismod - enable or disable an apache2 module
airdecap-ng - decrypt a WEP/WPA crypted pcap file
route - show / manipulate the IP routing table
mysqldumpslow - Summarize slow query log files
zipsplit - split a zipfile into smaller zipfiles
chrt - manipulate the real-time attributes of a process
html2text - an advanced HTML-to-text converter
lpr - print files
useradd - create a new user or update default new user information
awk - pattern scanning and processing language
nano - Nano’s ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
mysqlcheck - a table maintenance program
aireplay-ng - inject packets into a wireless network to generate traffic
md5pass - Create an MD5 password hash
pnmcomp - composite (overlay) two portable anymap files together
cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output
gpg - OpenPGP encryption and signing tool
tcpdump - dump traffic on a network
wpa_cli - WPA command line client
timeout - run a command with a time limit
date - print or set the system date and time
2to3-3.2 - Python2 to Python3 converter
adduser - add a user or group to the system
mkfs.ext3 - create an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem
reboot - , halt, poweroff reboot or stop the system
ffplay - AVplay media player
jstat - Java Virtual Machine Statistics Monitoring Tool
speaker-test - command-line speaker test tone generator for ALSA
unrar - extract files from rar archives
update-java-alternatives - update alternatives for jre/sdk installations
getconf - Query system configuration variables
native2ascii - Native-to-ASCII Converter Converts a file with native-encoded characters (characters which are non-Latin 1 and non-Unicode) to one with Unicode-encoded characters.
tor - The second-generation onion router
miniterm.py
lame - create mp3 audio files
bluez-simple-agent - A PIN management and agent program for pairing to Bluetooth device.
iw - show / manipulate wireless devices and their configuration
dmsetup - low level logical volume management
notify-send - a program to send desktop notifications
avahi-publish-service - Register an mDNS/DNS-SD service or host name or address mapping using the Avahi daemon
mysql_upgrade - check and upgrade MySQL tables
airbase-ng - multi-purpose tool aimed at attacking clients as opposed to the Access Point (AP) itself
grep - print lines matching a pattern
xhost - server access control program for X
ssh-agent - authentication agent
avahi-browse - Browse for mDNS/DNS-SD services using the Avahi daemon
mount - mount a filesystem
pgrep - , pkill look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
add-apt-repository - Adds a repository into the /etc/apt/sources.list or /etc/apt/sources.list.d or removes an existing one
service - run a System V init script
split - split a file into pieces
calendar - reminder service
df - report file system disk space usage
wget - The non-interactive network downloader.
fdisk - manipulate disk partition table
qdbus - a communication-interface for qt-based applications
pdftotext - Portable Document Format (PDF) to text converter (version 3.03)
mknod - make block or character special files
php - PHP Command Line Interface ’CLI’
gcore - Generate a core file for a running process
mkfs.ext2 - create an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem
addgroup - add a user or group to the system
transcode - LINUX video stream processing tool
gnome-session-quit - End the current GNOME session
aspell - interactive spell checker
rfcomm - RFCOMM configuration utility
shuf - generate random permutations
iwlist - Get more detailed wireless information from a wireless interface
gvfs-mount - Mounts the locations
mysql_tzinfo_to_sql - load the time zone tables
7zr - A file archiver with highest compression ratio
intel_gpu_top - Display a top-like summary of Intel GPU usage
grub-install - install GRUB to a device
csplit - split a file into sections determined by context lines
xmessage - display a message or query in a window (X-based /bin/echo)
gst-inspect-1.0 - print info about a GStreamer plugin or element
zcmp - , zdiff compare compressed files
pdf2ps - Ghostscript PDF to PostScript translator
mv - move (rename) files
duplicity - Encrypted incremental backup to local or remote storage.
ntpdate - set the date and time via NTP
fping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
mkisofs
mii-tool - view, manipulate media-independent interface status
find - search for files in a directory hierarchy
pdftoppm - Portable Document Format (PDF) to Portable Pixmap (PPM) converter (version 3.03)
ln - make links between files
compiz - OpenGL window and compositing manager
gst-launch-0.10 - build and run a GStreamer pipeline
flock - manage locks from shell scripts
cd - change directory
apt-get - APT package handling utility -- command-line interface
ssh - OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
convert.im6 - convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more.
bzgrep - , bzfgrep, bzegrep search possibly bzip2 compressed files for a regular expression
badblocks - search a device for bad blocks
airmon-ng - bash script designed to turn wireless cards into monitor mode.
cmp - compare two files byte by byte
tc - show / manipulate traffic control settings

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