network

netcat : NC(1) BSD General Commands Manual NC(1) nc — arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens
ping : 6 send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
nmcli : – commandline tool for controlling NetworkManager
telnet : user interface to the TELNET protocol
openssl : OpenSSL command line tool
sftp : secure file transfer program
...

shell

busybox : The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux
gnome-terminal : is a terminal emulation application.
locale : specific information.
startpar : start runlevel scripts in parallel
xargs : build and execute command lines from standard input
usermod : modify a user account
...

filesystem

resize2fs : ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer
fsck : check and repair a Linux filesystem
chown : change file owner and group
passwd : change user password
mkfs : build a Linux filesystem
rename : renames multiple files
...

programming

strace : trace system calls and signals
MAKEDEV : create devices
busybox : The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux
startpar : start runlevel scripts in parallel
javaws : a Java Web Start client
iconv : Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another
...

file

mkfs.ext2 : create an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem
egrep : , fgrep, rgrep print lines matching a pattern
hexdump : , hd ASCII, decimal, hexadecimal, octal dump
passwd : change user password
su : change user ID or become superuser
fsck.ext3 : check a Linux ext2/ext3/ext4 file system
...

graphic manipulation

gimp : an image manipulation and paint program.
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
bmp2tiff : create a TIFF file from a Microsoft Windows Device Independent Bitmap image file
MAKEDEV : create devices
debugfs : ext2/ext3/ext4 file system debugger
djpeg : decompress a JPEG file to an image file
...

database

mysqlimport : a data import program
mysqld_safe : MySQL server startup script
myisam_ftdump : display full-text index information
pdb3.3 : the Python debugger
sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
...

X

gnome-terminal : is a terminal emulation application.
xfreerdp : FreeRDP X11 client
xlsclients : list client applications running on a display
lame : create mp3 audio files
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
pnmmargin : add a border to a portable anymap
...

package management

dpkg-reconfigure : reconfigure an already installed package
apt-config : APT Configuration Query program
passwd : change user password
cweave : translate CWEB to C and/or TeX
python2.7 : an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language
dh_installdeb : install files into the DEBIAN directory
...

printer

ppdc : cups ppd compiler
ghostscript : Ghostscript (PostScript and PDF language interpreter and previewer)
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
xmllint : command line XML tool
dvdrip : GUI for copying DVDs
iconv : Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another
...

text manipulation

gedit : text editor for the GNOME Desktop
pdb3.3 : the Python debugger
cweave : translate CWEB to C and/or TeX
view : Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
xmlpatterns :
fgrep : , rgrep print lines matching a pattern
...

privacy

passwd : change user password
kerneloops : program to collect and submit kernel oopses to kerneloops.org
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
chroot : run command or interactive shell with special root directory
tor : The second-generation onion router
iconv : Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another
...

sound manipulation

audacity : Graphical cross-platform audio editor
gst-launch-1.0 : build and run a GStreamer pipeline
passwd : change user password
iconv : Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another
gst-typefind-0.10 : print MIME type of file
wavpack : encode wav files to wavpack
...

Access Control List

su : change user ID or become superuser
mkfs.vfat : create an MS-DOS file system under Linux
sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
loadunimap : load the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table
lame : create mp3 audio files
cweave : translate CWEB to C and/or TeX
...

file compression

avconv : avconv video converter
xzgrep : search compressed files for a regular expression
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
filterdiff : extract or exclude diffs from a diff file
p7zip : Wrapper on 7zr, a 7-zip file archiver with high compression ratio
lame : create mp3 audio files
...

boot settings

dh_installppp : install ppp ip-up and ip-down files
kerneloops : program to collect and submit kernel oopses to kerneloops.org
cweave : translate CWEB to C and/or TeX
grub-mkimage : make a bootable image of GRUB
passwd : change user password
spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
...

text editor

find : search for files in a directory hierarchy
spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
pgrep : , pkill look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
passwd : change user password
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
...

webserver

a2ensite : enable or disable an apache2 site / virtual host
ping : 6 send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
dh_installppp : install ppp ip-up and ip-down files
spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
gst-launch-1.0 : build and run a GStreamer pipeline
...

font

spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
debugfs : ext2/ext3/ext4 file system debugger
ofm2opl : convert Omega and TeX font-metric files to property-list files
passwd : change user password
cweave : translate CWEB to C and/or TeX
mft : translate Metafont or MetaPost code to TeX code for prettyprinting
...

mail

nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
ping : 6 send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
avconv : avconv video converter
jack_connect : JACK toolkit clients for connecting & disconnecting ports
airtun-ng : a virtual tunnel interface creator for aircrack-ng
...

Media Player

lame : create mp3 audio files
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
amarok : The audio player for KDE
gst-xmllaunch-0.10 : build and run a GStreamer pipeline from an XML serialization
sha1sum : compute and check SHA1 message digest
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
...

virtualization

ping : 6 send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
start-stop-daemon : start and stop system daemon programs
VBoxControl : x86 virtualization solution
spd-conf : A simple tool for basic configuration of Speech Dispatcher and problem diagnostics
nohup : run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
passwd : change user password
...

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