tr

translate or delete characters

Synopsis

tr [OPTION]... SET1 [SET2]

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description

Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input, writing to standard output.
-c, -C, --complement

use the complement of SET1

-d, --delete

delete characters in SET1, do not translate

-s, --squeeze-repeats

replace each input sequence of a repeated character that is listed in SET1 with a single occurrence of that character

-t, --truncate-set1

first truncate SET1 to length of SET2

--help

display this help and exit

--version

output version information and exit

SETs are specified as strings of characters. Most represent themselves. Interpreted sequences are:

\NNN

character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits)

backslash

audible BEL

backspace

form feed

new line

return

horizontal tab

vertical tab

CHAR1-CHAR2

all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order

[CHAR*]

in SET2, copies of CHAR until length of SET1

[CHAR*REPEAT]

REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0

[:alnum:]

all letters and digits

[:alpha:]

all letters

[:blank:]

all horizontal whitespace

[:cntrl:]

all control characters

[:digit:]

all digits

[:graph:]

all printable characters, not including space

[:lower:]

all lower case letters

[:print:]

all printable characters, including space

[:punct:]

all punctuation characters

[:space:]

all horizontal or vertical whitespace

[:upper:]

all upper case letters

[:xdigit:]

all hexadecimal digits

[=CHAR=]

all characters which are equivalent to CHAR

Translation occurs if -d is not given and both SET1 and SET2 appear. -t may be used only when translating. SET2 is extended to length of SET1 by repeating its last character as necessary. Excess characters of SET2 are ignored. Only [:lower:] and [:upper:] are guaranteed to expand in ascending order; used in SET2 while translating, they may only be used in pairs to specify case conversion. -s uses SET1 if not translating nor deleting; else squeezing uses SET2 and occurs after translation or deletion.

copyright

Copyright © 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

reporting bugs

Report tr bugs to bug-coreutils[:at:]gnu[:dot:]org
GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Report tr translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

see also

The full documentation for tr is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and tr programs are properly installed at your site, the command

info coreutils 'tr invocation'

should give you access to the complete manual.

author

Written by Jim Meyering.

tr