dpkg-architecture
set and determine the architecture for package building
see also :
dpkg-buildpackage
Synopsis
dpkg-architecture
[option...] [command]
add an example, a script, a trick and tips
examples
dpkg-buildpackage accepts the -a option and passes
it to dpkg-architecture. Other examples:
CC=i386-gnu-gcc dpkg-architecture -c debian/rules build
eval `dpkg-architecture -u`
Check if an architecture is equal to the current architecture or
a given one:
dpkg-architecture -elinux-alpha
dpkg-architecture -amips -elinux-mips
Check if the current architecture or an architecture provided
with -a are Linux systems:
dpkg-architecture -ilinux-any
dpkg-architecture -ai386 -ilinux-any
source
DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE = $(shell
dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE)
DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE = $(shell
dpkg-architecture -qDEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)
source
DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE ?= $(shell dpkg-architecture
-qDEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE)
DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE ?= $(shell dpkg-architecture
-qDEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)
DEB_BUILD_ARCH ?= $(shell dpkg-architecture
-qDEB_BUILD_ARCH)
DEB_HOST_ARCH ?= $(shell dpkg-architecture
-qDEB_HOST_ARCH)
description
dpkg-architecture
does provide a facility to determine and set the build and
host architecture for package building.
The build
architecture is always determined by an external call to
dpkg(1), and can not be set at the command line.
You can specify
the host architecture by providing one or both of the
options -a and -t. The default is
determined by an external call to gcc(1), or the same
as the build architecture if CC or gcc are
both not available. One out of -a and
-t is sufficient, the value of the other will
be set to a usable default. Indeed, it is often better to
only specify one, because dpkg-architecture
will warn you if your choice does not match the default.
options
-adebian-architecture
Set the Debian
architecture.
-tgnu-system-type
Set the GNU system type.
-f
Values set by existing environment variables with the
same name as used by the scripts are honored (i.e. used by
dpkg-architecture), except if this force flag
is present. This allows the user to override a value even
when the call to dpkg-architecture is buried in
some other script (for example
dpkg-buildpackage(1)).
backward compatibility
The /usr/share/dpkg/architecture.mk Makefile snippet is provided
by dpkg-dev since version 1.16.1.
The DEB_*_ARCH_BITS and DEB_*_ARCH_ENDIAN variables were
introduced in dpkg-dev 1.15.4. Using them in debian/rules
thus requires a build-dependency on dpkg-dev (>= 1.15.4).
The DEB_HOST_ARCH_CPU and DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS variables were
introduced in dpkg-dev 1.13.2.
The -e and -i options were only introduced in
relatively recent versions of dpkg-architecture (since
dpkg 1.13.13).
commands
-l
Print the environment variables, one each line, in the format
VARIABLE=value. This is the default action.
-edebian-architecture
Check for equality of architecture. By default
debian-architecture is compared against the current Debian
architecture, being the host. This action will not expand the
architecture wildcards. Command finishes with an exit status of 0
if matched, 1 if not matched.
-iarchitecture-wildcard
Check for identity of architecture by expanding
architecture-wildcard as an architecture wildcard and
comparing against the current Debian architecture. Command
finishes with an exit status of 0 if matched, 1 if not matched.
-qvariable-name
Print the value of a single variable.
-s
Print an export command. This can be used to set the environment
variables using eval.
-u
Print a similar command to -s but to unset all variables.
-c command
Execute a command in an environment which has all
variables set to the determined value.
-L
Print a list of valid architecture names.
-?, --help
Show the usage message and exit.
--version
Show the version and exit.
debian
debian rules
The environment variables set by dpkg-architecture are
passed to debian/rules as make variables (see make
documentation). However, you should not rely on them, as this
breaks manual invocation of the script. Instead, you should
always initialize them using dpkg-architecture with the -q
option. Here are some examples, which also show how you can
improve the cross compilation support in your package:
Retrieving the GNU system type and forwarding it to ./configure:
DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE := $(shell dpkg-architecture
-qDEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)
DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE := $(shell dpkg-architecture
-qDEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE)
[...]
configure --build=$( DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE )
--host=$( DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE )
Doing something only for a specific architecture:
DEB_HOST_ARCH := $(shell dpkg-architecture
-qDEB_HOST_ARCH)
ifeq ($( DEB_HOST_ARCH ),alpha)
[...]
endif
or if you only need to check the CPU or OS type, use the
DEB_HOST_ARCH_CPU or DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS variables.
Note that you can also rely on an external Makefile snippet to
properly set all the variables that dpkg-architecture can
provide:
include /usr/share/dpkg/architecture.mk
ifeq ($( DEB_HOST_ARCH ),alpha)
[...]
endif
In any case, you should never use dpkg
--print-architecture to get architecture information during a
package build.
files
All these files have to be present for dpkg-architecture
to work. Their location can be overridden at runtime with the
environment variable DPKG_DATADIR.
/usr/share/dpkg/cputable
Table of known CPU names and mapping to their GNU name.
/usr/share/dpkg/ostable
Table of known operating system names and mapping to their GNU
name.
/usr/share/dpkg/triplettable
Mapping between Debian architecture triplets and Debian
architecture names.
terms
build machine
The machine the package is built on.
host machine
The machine the package is built for.
Debian architecture
The Debian architecture string, which specifies the binary tree
in the FTP archive. Examples: i386, sparc,
hurd-i386.
architecture wildcard
An architecture wildcard is a special architecture string that
will match any real architecture being part of it. The general
form is <kernel>-<cpu>. Examples: linux-any,
any-i386, hurd-any.
GNU system type
An architecture specification string consisting of two parts
separated by a dash: cpu and system. Examples: i386-linux-gnu,
sparc-linux-gnu, i386-gnu, x86_64-netbsd.
variables
The following variables are set by dpkg-architecture:
DEB_BUILD_ARCH
The Debian architecture of the build machine.
DEB_BUILD_ARCH_OS
The Debian system name of the build machine.
DEB_BUILD_ARCH_CPU
The Debian cpu name of the build machine.
DEB_BUILD_ARCH_BITS
The pointer size of the build machine (in bits).
DEB_BUILD_ARCH_ENDIAN
The endianness of the build machine (little / big).
DEB_BUILD_GNU_CPU
The CPU part of DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE
.
DEB_BUILD_GNU_SYSTEM
The System part of DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE .
DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE
The GNU system type of the build machine.
DEB_BUILD_MULTIARCH
The clarified GNU system type of the build
machine, used for filesystem paths.
DEB_HOST_ARCH
The Debian architecture of the host machine.
DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS
The Debian system name of the host machine.
DEB_HOST_ARCH_CPU
The Debian cpu name of the host machine.
DEB_HOST_ARCH_BITS
The pointer size of the host machine (in bits).
DEB_HOST_ARCH_ENDIAN
The endianness of the host machine (little / big).
DEB_HOST_GNU_CPU
The CPU part of DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE .
DEB_HOST_GNU_SYSTEM
The System part of DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE .
DEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE
The GNU system type of the host machine.
DEB_HOST_MULTIARCH
The clarified GNU system type of the host machine,
used for filesystem paths.
see also
dpkg-buildpackage ,
dpkg-cross.